Philatelic Study Group: [1]
Hong Kong Security Markings and Perfins
Group III : Perforated Initials "Perfins"
Compiled & augmented
by Philippe Orsetti & Peter Pugh
from an original list provided by the
Hong Kong Study Circle
and from information received from members
(First publication October 1992, 12th revision as of January 1, 2010)
       
Note 1: An S in the first column (S) indicates that a scan of this marking is displayed on the website.
A small number in the column (N) indicates an embedded note in regard to the corresponding name.
Note 2: The column (Known) indicates that the marking is known on cover (C), on document (D),
on postcard (PC), on postal stationery card (PS), on piece (P), or on wrapper (WR)..
Note 3: A red entry denotes a perfin known on fiscal stamps only,
or on postage stamps for fiscal purpose only.
S Type  Perfins Name N Letter Number Source Dates Known   Remarks
Height Holes earlier  later
S 1 A K / & Co. Arnhold Karberg & Co. HK 5 46 HK 1888 1910 C, PC also on QV fiscal
S a A K / & Co. Arnhold Karberg & Co. HK 5 46 Shanghai
S 2 APC / HK The Asiatic Petroleum Co. 6 49 HK 1911 1922
a APC / HK The Asiatic Petroleum Co. 6 49 Swatow 1921 on KE
S b APC / HK The Asiatic Petroleum Co. [2] 6 49 Foochow 1912 on KE
S c APC / HK The Asiatic Petroleum Co. 6 49 Amoy 1912 on KE
S 3 ASW / &Co.Ld. A.S. Watson & Co. Ld. 5 75 HK 1892 1895 C
S a ASW / &Co.Ld. A.S. Watson & Co. Ld. 5 75 Foochow 1896
S 4 B.A.T. British American Tobacco (China) Limited 5 33 Shanghai 1918 1921 C DAB when worn
S a B.A.T./ Co.Ld British American Tobacco (China) Limited 5 63 Shanghai 1912 1921 China ovpr
S 5 B / &Co. Bradley & Co. 4.5 40 HK QV 1883
a B / &Co. Bradley & Co. 4.5 40 Shanghai QV  
S 6 B&Co./ Amoy Boyd & Co. Amoy 6 83 HK 1900 1902
S a B&Co./ Amoy Boyd & Co. Amoy 6 83 Amoy 1900 1902
S 7 B&S Butterfield & Swire 6 37 HK 1907 1914 PC
S a B&S Butterfield & Swire 6 37 Shanghai KGV
S BC (Probably bottom part of HS/BC see 33l) 6 22 HK 1939 1941
S 8A B C L Bank of Canton Limited 8 39 HK KGV on fiscal stamp
S 8B BK.OF / COM. Bank of Commerce 12 76 KGV on fiscal stamp
S 9 B I Banque de l'Indo-Chine [3] 8 18 HK 1940 1951 C
S 10 B M / & Co. Behn Meyer & Co. 5.5 56 Shanghai China ovpr. No dot between B and M
S a B.M / & Co. Behn Meyer & Co. 5.5 57 Shanghai China ovpr. Dot between B and M
S 11 B&S / H Butterfield & Swire 6 51 HK 1895 1897
S a B&S / H Butterfield & Swire 6 51 Swatow 1901
S 12 B&S / S Butterfield & Swire 6 52 Shanghai 1896 1900
S a B&S / S Butterfield & Swire 6 52 HK 1897 1899
S 13 BW / &C0 Burroughs Welcome & Co. 5 53 Shanghai 1909 1918 & China overprint
S 14 BEA The Bank of East Asia, Ltd. 5 33 HK 1922 1961 C,D also on fiscal stamps
S 15 BTO Bank of Taiwan 8 38 HK KGV 1935 also on fiscal stamps
S 16 C& / Co. Carlowitz & Co. 5 34 HK QV 1880 C also on QV fiscal
S 17 C&C / H Carlowitz & Co. 5 39 HK 1900 KGV C also on QV fiscal
S 17A C.J / T / E.C China and Japan Telephone & Electric Co. 7 42 HK KE KGV
S 18 C / BK / I Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China 5.5 38 on fiscal stamp
S 18A CHASE BANK Chase Bank [4] 12 96 on fiscal stamp
S 18B C. / S.S. / B. The China & South Sea Bank Ltd. HK 6 42 HK KGV on fiscal stamp
S 19 D.A. / B Deutsche Asiatische Bank 7 53 HK 1901 1911 D, C Serif
S 20 D.A.T / CoLtd  (worn B.A.T/CoLtd  see # 4 or 4a) 5 55 KGV
21 D.O.C. Det Oversiske Compagnes 8 43 Foochow KGV/China Thorensen & Co. Group
S a D.O.C. Det Oversiske Compagnes 8 43 HK 1906 1918 C, PC Thorensen & Co. Group
S 22 D.& / Co.Ld Dodwell & Co. 6 56 Foochow 1907 1912 C
S 23 D&C0 / Ltd.. Dodwell & Co. 6.5 60 Foochow 1913 1917 C
S 24 D.C / &Co. Dodwell, Carlisle & Co. 6 48 Foochow 1894
S 25 E.S / & Co. Eduard Schellass & Co. 5.5 57 HK 1882 1894
S a E.S / & Co. Eduard Schellass & Co. 5.5 57 Shanghai 1894
S 26 F.B./ & Co.. F. Blackhead & Co. 7 57 HK KE 1914 PC
S 27 G& / Co. Gilman & Co. Ltd. [5] 6 38 HK 1922 1934 C
H # 17 C & C / H with missing C & C (some chad still in place)
S 28 H.D.P. HK Daily Press [6] 7 34 HK 1907 1922
S 29 H E / C HK Electric Co. [7] 5 26 HK 1929 1947 C
S a H E C HK Electric Co. 7.5 28 HK 1928 C
S 30 H & H Hall & Holtz Co-Operative Company, Ltd.(The) [8] 37 Shanghai KE acquired by J. Neil in 1925
S 31 HS H. Skott & Co. 7 27
S 31A H.K. Hong Kong Government 6 23 HK KE KGV on postage stamps, fiscal use
S 31B H.K.L. / I.A.C. HK Land & Investment Agency Company 58 QV on postage stamps, fiscal use
32 H.K.E. 29 QV
S 33 H S B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 29 HK 1887   Appears N.S.B. Worn 33a
S a H S B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 31 Shanghai QV
S a1 H S B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 31 HK QV
S a2 H S B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 31 Amoy QV A1 cancel
b H S B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 35
S c H&S / BC HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 59 Swatow 1893 B & Co. handstamp too
S c1 H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 60 Foochow 1898
S d H&S / BC HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 59 Amoy 1894 1910
S e H&S / BC HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 59 HK 1891 1903 PC
S f H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 60 HK 1871 1905 also on KGV fiscal
S g H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 57 HK 1907 1912 C also on KGV fiscal
S h H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 60 Shanghai 1891
S h1 H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 60 Canton 1897
S h2 H&S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 5 60 Amoy 1904
S i H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 HK 1906 1939 C,PC 11.5 mm wide between H & S
S i1 H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 Shanghai 1906 1939 11.5 mm wide between H & S
S j H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 Amoy 1917 1920 11mm, B crossbar down, on "China"
k H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 Canton 1917 1921 11mm wide
S l H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 Foochow KE KGV C 11mm wide between H & S
S l1 H S / B C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 43 Swatow KE 11mm wide between H & S
S m H.S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 45 Canton 1920 1922 11.5mm wide, on "CHINA"" & KGV
m1 H.S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 45 Swatow 1920 1922 11.5mm wide, on "CHINA"" o/prints
m2 H.S / B.C HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 6 45 Shanghai 1922 11.5mm wide, on "CHINA"" o/prints
S o HS / BC HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 4 32 HK 1946 1950 C 7.5 mm wide, on KGVI
S q H.S.B HK & Shanghai Banking Corporation 8 39 Hankow 1915 1916
S 34 a H.W / & Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 61 Shanghai QV 1885 C 2 missing pins in &
S b H.W / &.Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 62 Shanghai QV 1 missing pins in &
S c H.W / &..Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 63 Shanghai QV no missing pins in &
S d H.W / & Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 61 HK QV 2 missing pins in &
S e H.W / & Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 63 HK QV no missing pins in &
S f H.W / & Co Holliday Wise & Co. 5.5 62 HK QV 1 missing pins in &
S 35 I B C International Banking Corporation HK [9] 6.5 26 HK 1912 1930 C also on KGV fiscal
S 36 J.T.S / H.K 6 49 HK 1912
S 36A K. Kowloon District Office 15 HK KGVI on postage stamps used for Land Transfer doc
S 37 K&Co Kruse & Co. 6 36 HK KE 1914 C, PC
38 K&H / C 5.5 42
S 39 K&W Kelly & Walsh Limited 6 40 Shanghai 1888 1901 C, PPC
S a K&W Kelly & Walsh Limited 6 40 HK 1888 1901
S 40 L C Lane Crowford HK 6 16 HK 1929 1936 C
S 41 L / &Co. W.R. Loxley & Co. [10] 6 35 HK 1911 1921 C,PC
42 LS L. Soyka 7 19 Shanghai
43 M&C Melchers & Co. 8 41 HK
S a M&C Melchers & Co. 9 50 HK 1914 C Stop top of C
S a1 M&C Melchers & Co. 9 50 Swatow 1912 Stop top of C
S b MC Melchers & Co. 8 23 HK 1891 1898 C
S c MC Melchers & Co. 8 23 Shanghai 1886 1898
S 44 MBK Mitsui Busan Kaisha [11] 6 40 HK 1921 1940 C
S 45 M.B.I Mercantile Bank of India 6 35 HK KE
S 46 N.C.H North-China Herald 5 35 Shanghai 1868 1889 WR
S 47 N A / S C Nestlé Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. 5 42 HK KGV 1922
S 48 N.C. / B. / N.Y. National City Bank of New York 7 54 HK QV KGVI on fiscal stamp
S 48A …SCHE H….. Nederlandsche Handelsmaatschappij ? HK KGV
S 49 O.C.B.C. Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation, Limited 8 44 HK KE GVI doc. on fiscal stamp
S 50 P&Co. 5.5 38 HK 1885
S 51 P&O / B.C Peninsula & Oriental Banking Corp [12] 5 56 HK 1927 1928 also on fiscal adhesives
S 52 PC / A Pasedag & Co. Amoy 8 37 Amoy KE
S 53 R&Co. Russell & Co. 6 40 Amoy QV O after C
S a R&Co. Russell & Co. 6 40 HK 1916 O after C
S 53A R&Co Reiss & Co. 8 40 Shanghai KE KGV O inside C
S a R&Co Reiss & Co. 8 40 HK O inside C
S 53B R.R / & CA.. [13] 56 5 HK B62
S 54 S.&Co. Siemssen & Co. [14] 7 46 HK 1911 1914
S 55 S . B / &Co Sandilands, Buttery & Co. 4.5 56 HK 1871 Straits Settlements firm
S 55A S.C.S.B. Shanghai Commercial & Savings Bank Ltd. 7 49 HK on fiscal stamp
S 55B S D / & / E Co. 6 60 Shanghai 1907 PC
S 56 SHS 6 33 Shanghai QV 1905
57 S K 6 22
S 58 SW&Co. Sander Wieler & Co. [15] 6 62 HK 1914 diagonal
S 58A T Taipo District Office 7 on postage stamps used for Land Transfer doc
S 59 TC / & / S Thomas Cook & Sons [16] 4 37 HK 1910 1931 C
S a T C / & S Thomas Cook & Sons 4 36 HK 1921 1947 C
S b T C / & S Thomas Cook & Sons 4.5 37 Shanghai 1912 1920 14mm high, wide C
T / EC See C. J. / T / E. C
S 60A U  I / S  C Union Insurance Society of Canton 6 34 HK KE
S 61 UT / Co Union Trading Co [17] 5 29 HK 1918 1961 C Seen 1953-61 on QEII, latest marking
S 61A V & C Vogel & Co. 10 35 Canton 1902 1903
S 62 V / & Co Vogel & Co. [18] 8 38 B62 C H of VH&Co removed
S 63 V.H / &Co Vogel, Hagedom & Co. [19] 5 50 HK QV
Watson & Co. (see A.S. Watson & Co.  # 3)
S 64 W.&Co W. A. Hannibal & Co. [20] 8 62 HK 1912 1914 PC
S 65 W 5 17 HK KGV
S 65A W / K F 33 HK 1916
S 66 Y S / B Yokohama Specie Bank [21] 6 33 HK KGV KGVI C
[1]
In 1878, the Post Master General’s Postal Guide contained a notification: “Box holders may mark stamps. Box holders (but box holders only) are at liberty to mark their postage stamps on the back or face, or by perforation, so as to prevent their being stolen. If a mark be on the face it must be such as not to interfere with the clean appearance of the stamp. Stamps so marked will not be purchased.”

[2]
APC/HK
Firm’s name: Asiatic Petroleum Company
In 1890, the “Royal Dutch Company for the Exploitation of Petroleum Wells in the Netherlands East Indies” (Koninklijke Nederlandsche Maatschappij tot Explotatie van Petroleum-bronnen in Nederlandsch-Indië) was registered in The Hague. In 1897, Shell was first registered in London by the brothers Marcus and Sam Samuel as “The Shell Transport and Trading Company, Ltd.” In 1903 the Asiatic Petroleum Company was established as a joint venture between Royal Dutch and Shell. Asiatic Petroleum Company became Shell Oil after WWII.

Frank Drake

[3]
BI
Firm’s name: Banque de L’Indo-Chine
The Bank of Indo-China was established in 1875 in Saigon to help with the economic development and the enrichment of Indo-China. With the years, the number of the agencies grew and were established, either in the French possessions of the Far East, or in the countries bordering, where it was necessary that the Bank makes penetrate the French economic influence and finds a counterpart with the operations made in the colonies.

Frank Drake

[4]
"The Chase National Bank was an American bank, and a leading wholesale bank in the 1920's. The Chase National Bank opened their Shanghai Office in 1921 and the Hong Kong office in 1924. The Chase National Bank expanded by acquired a number of smaller banks through its Chase Securities Corporation. Its most significant acquisition was the Equitable Trust Company of New York in 1930, the largest stockholder of whom was John D. Rockefeller Jr. This made it then the largest bank in America. In 1955, the Chase National merged with the Bank of Manhattan to form the Chase Manhattan Corporation. The subsequent merger of The Chase Manhattan Corporation and J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated was completed in December 2000 - the merged company was renamed JP Morgan Chase & Co. (also referred to as JPMorgan Chase)."
 
Frank
[5]
G&Co
Firm’s name: Gilman and Company
Richard James Gilman, who started out working for Dent & Co. in Canton, founded one of the oldest of the British firms in China, Gilman & Co. In 1842 Richard Gilman formed a partnership with Abram Bowman as Gilman, Bowman & Co., and moved to Hong Kong shortly after. When Bowman retired in1847, the firm became Gilman & Co. and has so remained. The Company exported silk and tea from Foochow and imported textiles. Branches were established at Foochow, Hankow, Shanghai and in Japan. The Company owned or chartered the clipper Taeping, and was engaged in the then booming opium and tea trade traffic. In 1864 Gilman & Co played an important part in promoting he formation of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank. The firm became well known as general merchants, commission agents, shipping and insurance agents, coal and coke merchants, ship owners, and chandlers. In the twentieth century, it continued to diversify into many new enterprises, including the motor-car trade. Gilmans was taken over by Duncan Paterson of Perth, Western Australia in 1917 and converted into a private limited company. In 1968, it was absorbed into the Inchcape Group of Companies, a few years after Gibb, Livingstoin & Co, and like the latter, its name being retained.

Frank Drake

[6]
H.D.P.
Firm’s name: Hong Kong Daily Press
The Hong Kong Daily Press was one of the major English newspapers in early Hong Kong, commencing from 1 October 1857. It was the first paper that published daily in the morning while others at that time, like the China Mail, were published on a weekly basis. It published for around 80 years and recorded commercial activities and conflicts among newspapers and government officials in early Hong Kong from the 19th to the 20th centuries.

Frank Drake

[7]
H.E/C
Firm’s name: Hong Kong and Electric Company
The Hong Kong Electric Company was founded in 1889 and supplies electricity to Hong Kong Island and Lama Island of Hong Kong. In October 1889, the first power station in Shanghai began functioning. In December of the same year, the Hong Kong Electric Company commenced the supply of electricity for illumination in Hong Kong. The first plant was built in 1889 and its location was on the original site of the first Protestant cemetery. Because Hong Kong is a relatively small electricity market and there is a huge investment required to build, operate and maintain power stations and provide the necessary transmission and distribution systems, the company enjoys de facto monopoly to run this utility service.

Frank Drake

[8]
Hall & Holtz Limited, was one of then four large department stores in early Shanghai, and the oldest, being incorporated in 1842.
 
Frank
[9]
I B C
Firm’s name: International Banking Corporation
The International Banking Corporation was an Anglo-American bank that initially dealt with foreign securities in the United States. The International Banking Corporation established an office in Shanghai in May 1902 as well as branches in Manila, Yokohama, Singapore, Hong Kong and Calcutta. In 1918, the bank was bought by the National City Bank of New York, and continues today as the Citibank.

Frank Drake

[10]
L/& Co
Firm’s name: W. R. Loxley and Company
W. R. Loxley is a British company with strong trading links with South-east Asia, importing rice and lumber from Thailand and shipping a wide range of commodities and acting as commission agents.

Frank Drake

[11]
M B K
Firm’s name: Mitsui Bussan Kaisha
Mitsui Bussan (Mitsui & Co) were a leading Japanese trading house that began as silk merchants, and as they developed their trade links, they expanded their range of business interests. Their first government business was a sales monopoly on high quality coals from state-owned Miike mine. Exporting Miike coal on commission to China through Shanghai, established its first foreign office in Shanghai during 1878. The trading house expanded its capital base as the economy grew and positioned themselves to assist the Japanese government implementing its economic policies. Mitsui Bussan became favoured partners in many such ventures. The China branches of the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha were located in Shanghai and in the Treaty ports. In addition to representing leading Japanese manufacturers and insurance companies, Mitsui held agencies for several well-known British, European and American firms.  It generated its own steamer line, and owned and managed two spinning mills (Shanghai Cotton Spinning Company and Santai Cotton Spinning Company) in Shanghai.

Frank Drake

[12]
P&O/BC
Firm’s name: Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company
In 1920, Lord Inchcape of the Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company established the Peninsula & Oriental Banking Corporation. The bank lasted only seven years. In 1920, the P&O Bank established a branch in Colombo, Ceylon, which it followed by establishing branches in Shanghai Hong Kong, Singapore, and Canton. In 1927, the Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China acquired 75% of the shares of the P&O Bank. By the fall of 1938 the Chartered Bank owned 80% of the shares of the bank. It was agreed that the Chartered Bank should acquire the remaining shares of the P&O Bank to reduces overhead expenses and avoid further competition between the two Banks. The P&O Bank finally disappeared ca 1939.

Frank Drake

[13]
Firm from Manila, Philippines
used between 1870's and 1880's
[14]
S&Co 
Firm’s name: Siemssen and Company
Siemssen, a German firm, first opened in Canton in 1846, with branch in Hong Kong in 1855, followed by branch in Shanghai in 1856 and Foochow in 1860. The company was initially set up as traders and exported tea, sugar, spices, and bamboo from China, and imported rice from Thailand and Burma and coal and textiles from England to China. It expanded its business to operating a fleet of coastal steamers and acting as agents for several insurance companies. Siemssen was associated with the formation in 1864 of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, and the starting up of the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Company and the Union Insurance Society of Canton. The firm is still trading in Hong Kong as Siemssen & Co (Hong Kong) Ltd.

Frank Drake

[15]
SW&Co
Firm’s name: Sander, Wieler and Compnay
Sander, Wieler & Co. was a German firm and began business as Elmenhorsv and Sander in the shipment of Chinese labour overseas. They chartered ships for the Chinese emigration to California during the 1850's as well as shipping coolie labour to South America. Elmenhorsv and Sander closed in 1866, and Fritz Sander continued with the brokerage business under his own name. In 1898, the firm underwent a name change when it incorporated Wieler & Co. to their business to become Sander, Wieler & Co. The German firm was liquidated in 1914 at the outbreak of the First World War.

Frank Drake

[16]
TC/&S
Firm’s name: Tomas Cook and Son
Thomas Cook (1808 – 1892) founded the travel agency that bears his name and started off his travel and tour business by organizing excursions out of Leicester, England in 1841. With his son, John Mason Cook, he formed a partnership and renamed the travel agency as Thomas Cook and Son. They expanded the travel business, developing it into a worldwide agency for foreign or domestic travel, which popularized the conducted tour. By 1888, the company had established offices around the world. Thomas Cook opened its
first Hong Kong office in 1906 at 16 Des Voeux Road. The initial Thomas Cook's services in Hong Kong focused on arranging trips in the Far East and to Europe for business travelers. Ownership of the firm only remained with the family until 1928, when it was sold to the Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits. After the outbreak of World War II, the Paris headquarters of the Wagons-Lits company was seized by the occupying forces, and in turn the British assets were requisitioned by the Government. In 1914, Thomas Cook & Son Ltd. was sold to the four major railway companies. In 2002 Thomas Cook was acquired by the German company C&N Touristic AG, and later changed its name to Thomas Cook AG. The group is jointly owned by Lufthansa and Karstadt.

Frank Drake

[17]
UT/Co
Firm’s name: Union Trading Company
In 1902 the Imperial Tobacco Company and the American Tobacco Company formed a joint venture, the British American Tobacco Company, in a bid to end an intense trade war. Under the agreement, the two companies will not trade in each other’s domestic markets and acquire the right to use each other’s brands and trade marks in their own territory. Imperial Tobacco's and American Tobacco’s businesses outside the ‘home’ markets of the UK and US were transferred to British American Tobacco Company, Limited giving the new company operations in expanding markets overseas, including China. BAT opened its first factory in Pudong, Shanghai in 1902. In  1911, BAT attempted to create a mechanism that would facilitate an enormous reduction in the transaction costs of doing business. Setting up a fully owned subsidiary company in London to own certain of their cigarette brands, BAT then floated another company in China called the Union Trading Company which was granted the rights to sell these brands in the Chinese market. Shares in the UTC were owned 51% by BAT and 49% by its former comprador, WU Ting-seng.

Frank Drake

[18]
V/&Co
Firm’s name: Vogel and Company
Vogel, Hagedon & Co. was a German trading firm, established in Hong Kong in 1868. They were general merchants. Frederick William Hagedon began his business career in Hong Kong in 1864 working as an assistant in another German trading firm. With partners, he formed the firm, Hagedon & Co. in 1865. In 1867, he took on two new partners, Emil Vogel and Heinrich Kirchhoff, and the firm's name changed in1868 to Vogel, Hagedon & Co. The firm traded under this name until 1877, when Fredrick Hagedon retired, and Emil Vogel continued in business as Vogel and Co. until he left Hong Kong in 1882.

Frank Drake

[19]
Frederick William Hagedom began his business career in Hong Kong in 1864 as an assistant in the firm of Hesse, Ehlers & Co. In July 1865, he and Richard H. Radecker became partners. He continued the business when Mr. Radecker left the firm in 1867. Hagedom & Co took on two new partners in 1868 and the name of the firm was changed to Vogel, Hagedom & Co. The new partners were Emil Vogel and Heinrich Kirchhoff.

Emil Ernest William Vogel had previously been an assistant in the large American firm of Russell & Co.

In 1877, Mr Hagedom retired from the company (DP 3 Sept 1877). After Mr Hagedom and Mr Vogel dissolved their partnership, Vogel continued in business as Vogel & Co until he left Hong Kong in 1881/82.

 About the year 1883 Vogel and Co ceased doing business in Hong Kong.

Heinrich Kirchhoff became a partner of Vogel, Hagedorn & Co in 1868 and remained with the company when its name was changed to Vogel & Co. He was successively in Canton and Shanghai. After Vogel and Co closed, he traded as a partner in the firm of Kirchhoff and Levogt at Shanghai where he died in September 1883 (DP 3 Oct 1883)

Frank


[20]
W&Co
Firm’s name: W. A. Hannibal and Company
The firm is associated with the firm Wendt & Co. who had established a long commercial connection with Canton and the Kwangtung Province. Goods are imported from Europe, America and Australia and an export trade was done in Chinese commodities. The firm were agents for the Austrian Lloyd Steamship Company, several local steamship Lines, and the Netherlands Lloyd Insurance Company.

Frank Drake

[21]
YS/B 
Firm’s name: Yokohama Specie Bank
The Yokohama Specie Bank was founded in 1881 and developed as a special bank, specializing in foreign exchange, to assist the growth of the Japanese export trade. All the leading powers at the time had forwarded their policies in China through close cooperation with quasi-official banking institutions. Japan used the Yokohama Specie Bank. The Yokohama Specie Bank was, from 1880 until its closure by the Americans in 1946, the engine of Japanese overseas foreign banking. It opened its Hong Kong branch
in 1896. In 1946 it became a commercial bank under the name, The Bank Of Tokyo, Ltd.. Today it is known as the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and has the largest bank company assets in the world.

Frank Drake